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Anatomy of Attacks

Interactive breakdowns of vulnerability classes: step by step you see how the attack works and how to close it

Web

IDOR

The server hands back an object by the id in your request without checking that it is yours

Open

SQL Injection

Input is spliced straight into the SQL query text and rewrites its logic

Open

NoSQL Injection

Instead of a string the server accepts an operator object and lets it replace the match condition

Open

Stored XSS

Attacker HTML is stored on the page and runs in the victim's browser

Open

SSRF

The server itself fetches any URL you hand it - even into the internal network

Open

Path Traversal

A filename with ../ traversal reads outside the allowed directory

Open

Command Injection

Input lands inside a system command, and you append your own to it

Open

SSTI

Input is dropped into the template and runs as a template-engine expression

Open

Prototype Pollution

A __proto__ key in an object merge corrupts the prototype of every object

Open

Mass Assignment

The server copies every body field into the model - including ones you were never meant to touch

Open

JWT Forgery

Weak signature verification lets you forge the claims inside the token

Open

XXE

The XML parser resolves external entities and reads files off the server

Open

CORS Misconfiguration

The server reflects any Origin and allows cookies - so a foreign site reads your data

Open

Insecure Deserialization

The server reconstructs an object from untrusted data and executes attacker logic

Open

GraphQL Introspection

The __schema introspection query exposes the entire hidden structure of the API

Open

Race Condition

Several requests in the window between check and write slip past the limit

Open

Broken Authentication

With no attempt limit, a short code falls to plain brute force

Open

Web Cache Poisoning

An unkeyed header is reflected into the response and poisons the shared cache

Open

Web Cache Deception

A private page under a static-looking URL gets cached as if it were public

Open

OAuth Account Takeover

An unvalidated redirect_uri sends the authorization code to the attacker

Open

CSWSH

A WebSocket with no Origin check opens the private stream to a foreign site

Open

HTTP Request Smuggling

The proxy and the server split the stream differently - the leftover tail hijacks another user's request

Open